Which medications require safety and risk management programs due to their high risk of harm?

The correct choice highlights medications that are known for requiring safety and risk management programs due to their potential for severe adverse effects and risks to patients.

Isotretinoin, for example, is used to treat severe acne but is associated with significant risks, including severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy, as well as mental health side effects. Therefore, it falls under strict monitoring and risk management protocols.

Clozapine is an antipsychotic frequently used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. It carries a risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening decrease in the number of white blood cells, which necessitates the monitoring of patients' blood cell counts through a risk management program.

Thalidomide, originally marketed as a sedative, was found to cause severe birth defects when taken during pregnancy and is associated with other serious health risks. As a result, it is distributed through a restricted distribution program to ensure safety.

These specific medications are subject to stringent regulations and guidelines to mitigate risks associated with their use and ensure patient safety. In contrast, the other groups of medications listed in the other options generally do not require such extensive risk management programs, as they have different safety profiles and risk factors associated with their use.